As of 2024, the top 1% in Indonesia earned 17.85% of total national income, while the bottom 50% received just 12.45%. Indonesia’s income inequality has increased since 1980, when the top 1% share was 14.79%.
Key Income Distribution Metrics for Indonesia in 2024
In 2024, income in Indonesia was distributed as follows: the wealthiest 1% of the population captured 17.85% of total national income, which is slightly higher than the global average of 16.17%. Meanwhile, the bottom half of earners received 12.45% of income, slightly lower than the global average of 14.97%.
| Metric | Indonesia | Global Average |
|---|---|---|
| Top 1% Income Share | 17.85% | 16.17% |
| Top 10% Income Share | 46.86% | 45.21% |
| Bottom 50% Income Share | 12.45% | 14.97% |
| Gini Index | 34.89 | 40.77 |
How Has Income Inequality Changed in Indonesia?
Top 1% Income Share Trend (1980-2024)
The share of income going to Indonesia’s top 1% has increased over the past 44 years. In 1980, the top 1% captured 14.79% of national income. By 2024, this figure had risen by 3.06 percentage points to 17.85%.
Top 10% vs Bottom 50% Income Gap Over Time
The income gap between the top 10% and bottom 50% in Indonesia has widened over this period. In 1980, the top 10% earned 41.24% while the bottom 50% received 16.46%. By 2024, these figures shifted to 46.86% and 12.45% respectively.
| Year | Top 1% | Top 10% | Bottom 50% | Gap (Top 10 – Bottom 50) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980 | 14.79% | 41.24% | 16.46% | 24.78 pp |
| 1986 | 16.09% | 43.17% | 15.39% | 27.78 pp |
| 1992 | 16.92% | 45.84% | 14.04% | 31.80 pp |
| 1998 | 13.99% | 39.46% | 17.80% | 21.66 pp |
| 2004 | 15.17% | 41.21% | 16.49% | 24.72 pp |
| 2010 | 16.36% | 42.96% | 14.91% | 28.05 pp |
| 2016 | 15.82% | 43.15% | 15.14% | 28.01 pp |
| 2022 | 17.85% | 46.86% | 12.45% | 34.41 pp |
How Indonesia Compares Globally
Indonesia vs Asia Average
Compared to other countries in Asia, Indonesia’s top 1% income share of 17.85% is slightly higher than the regional average of 16.42%. The bottom 50% in Indonesia receives 12.45% of income, compared to the Asia average of 15.41%.
Where Indonesia Ranks Among All Countries
- Top 1% income concentration: Indonesia ranks 62nd out of 184 countries (higher rank = more concentrated wealth at the top)
- Bottom 50% income share: Indonesia ranks 133rd out of 184 countries (higher rank = larger share for the bottom half)
Countries with similar income inequality levels to Indonesia include Hong Kong's wealth gap, income distribution in Jordan, Ecuador.
Additional Economic Indicators for Indonesia
Poverty Rate
The poverty rate in Indonesia was recorded at 5.44% in 2024.
Gini Index
Indonesia’s Gini index of 34.89 indicates moderate inequality. The Gini index ranges from 0 (perfect equality) to 100 (maximum inequality).
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the income share of the top 1% in Indonesia?
As of 2024, the top 1% in Indonesia earned 17.85% of total national income. This level of concentration is considered high by international standards.
Is income inequality increasing or decreasing in Indonesia?
Income inequality in Indonesia has increased since 1980. The top 1% income share moved from 14.79% in 1980 to 17.85% in 2024.
What percentage of income goes to the bottom 50% in Indonesia?
In 2024, the bottom 50% of earners in Indonesia received 12.45% of total national income. This compares with the top 10% who captured 46.86%.
What is the Gini coefficient of Indonesia?
Indonesia's Gini index was 34.89 as of 2024. A Gini of 0 represents perfect equality, while 100 represents maximum inequality.
What is the poverty rate in Indonesia?
The poverty rate in Indonesia was 5.44% as of 2024.
Last updated: April 8, 2026
Data source: World Inequality Database (WID). This dataset covers income distribution metrics for 199 countries from 1980 to 2024.